Summary of experiences on safety and first aid for preschool children

The priority of preschool children's safety protection is always higher than that of emergency first aid. First aid ability is the basic line of defense. However, any standardized safety regulations and first aid procedures cannot be copied. They must be flexibly adjusted based on the scene, the child's status and the reasonable experience of different practical schools to truly protect the safety of children.

Last year, during the first week of the middle school term, I encountered a danger: while eating snacks, a child secretly stuffed a longan into his mouth. The core was not spit out and he choked and coughed. At that time, the classroom teacher's first reaction was to start doing the Heimlich, but I stopped him - the child could still cry, and his breathing did not appear to be cyanotic, indicating that the airway was not completely blocked. Pushing the abdomen hard might displace the foreign body and get stuck deeper. I squatted down, held his back, and asked him to cough hard. Within half a minute, he coughed out the core. After crying twice, he turned around and asked for another biscuit. Later, the health care doctor came over and said that we handled it correctly. I later looked up the information and discovered that there are indeed two schools of thought in the first aid circle: one group advocates starting the Heimlich immediately as long as there is a foreign body and choking, so as to gain golden first aid time. ； The other school emphasizes judging the degree of airway obstruction first, and in the case of incomplete obstruction, priority is given to guiding children to voluntarily reject the airway to avoid secondary injuries caused by external forces. Both views are supported by clinical cases. There is no absolute right or wrong. The core is to observe the child's status first, and then just copy the process.

In fact, there are not only differences when it comes to first aid, but also when it comes to safety protection. The old teachers and new teachers in the kindergarten often have different ideas. Last month, we checked for hidden dangers. We found three small pointed scissors in the art area. The newly graduated teacher said that they should all be replaced with round-tipped scissors, and even the children in the small class were not allowed to touch the scissors. After all, two years ago, in the next kindergarten, there was an incident where a child poked the corner of his friend's eye with a pair of scissors. ； But Aunt Zhang, who has been a childcare worker for 20 years, disagrees. She says that the more you hide the scissors, the more curious the children will be when they see the scissors at home, which will lead to accidents. It is better to teach them how to hold and hand them correctly, and the teacher can keep an eye on them when using them. We finally made a compromise: only round-head safety scissors were used in the small class, and a 10-minute lesson on the rules of use was given before each use. At least two teachers were watching the whole process. After using it for most of the semester, there was not a single accident. Many children would remind their elders when they went home that "the tips of the scissors should not be pointed at people." To be honest, safety protection is like weaving a protective net for children. No matter how dense you weave the mesh, you can't prevent all the pebbles from slipping through. It cannot be blocked by "blocking". It must be "blocked and loosened" to be effective.

A while ago, the park organized a first aid refresher training, and I also discovered that lecturers with different backgrounds had different ways of dealing with the same problem. A lecturer from the Red Cross said that for burns and scalds, you must flush cold water for 15 minutes, then take off your clothes, soak in cold water, cover with clean gauze and send to the hospital. You must not apply toothpaste or soy sauce. ； However, the emergency doctor from the Children's Hospital who came to give the lecture added: If it is a large-scale burn or scald, don't wash it for too long, especially in winter, which can easily cause hypothermia. If it is just a minor, unbroken small burn, and you don't have burn cream at home, it is not completely impossible to apply a little fluoride-free white toothpaste for emergency pain relief. Just don't apply colored soy sauce or violet liquid, otherwise the doctor will not be able to see the wound clearly when you arrive at the hospital. I have also encountered cases where parents put anti-shock covers on all sockets in the house. As a result, the children picked them off and stuffed them in their mouths and got stuck in their throats. You see, it was originally a safety measure but did not take into account the children's desire to explore. Instead, it became a risk point.

When I first took the exam, I always thought that memorizing the first aid procedures was enough. But when I started practicing, I realized that the most important thing is the mentality. Last month, a child fell while running outdoors and hit a flower bed and broke his forehead. My first reaction was to find a band-aid to put on it. Fortunately, the health care doctor came and stopped him. He took a clean gauze and pressed it for ten minutes to stop the bleeding. He did not dare to touch the fine sand embedded in the wound and sent him directly to the hospital for debridement. In the end, no scar was left. Later, when I reviewed the situation, I suddenly panicked when I saw the blood and forgot the rule of "do not cover the wound with foreign matter".

To be honest, no one in our industry dares to say that they have never worried about safety. After all, a child can't run or jump very well. He can use a small stool to climb up the window sill as soon as you turn around. All we can do is to pay more attention to the small parts in the corners and think more about whether children can reach them when putting things away. First aid knowledge is always updated. If something happens, stay calm and don't get distracted. This is already the greatest responsibility to the children. After all, there is no foolproof safety plan. It is just a group of adults putting their hearts in their throats to block all possible risks for their children.