What causes hematospermia?

Hematospermia may be caused by seminal vesiculitis, prostatitis, reproductive system injury, seminal vesicle stones, tumors and other factors. The main manifestation of hematospermia is that the semen is mixed with blood and is pink or dark red in color. It may be accompanied by symptoms such as ejaculation pain and perineal swelling and pain.

1. Seminal vesiculitis

Seminal vesiculitis is the most common cause of hematospermia, mostly caused by bacterial infection. Patients may experience pain during ejaculation, distension in the lower abdomen, and the semen may be dark red or contain blood clots. Treatment requires the use of antibiotics such as levofloxacin tablets and cefixime dispersible tablets as directed by the doctor, along with warm water sitz baths to relieve symptoms. Sexual intercourse should be avoided during the acute phase and the perineum should be kept clean and dry.

2. Prostatitis

Prostatitis may cause capillary rupture, leading to hematospermia, often accompanied by frequent urination, urgency, and burning sensation during urination. Patients with chronic prostatitis can use tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained-release capsules, Qianlieshutong capsules and other drugs as directed by their doctor, combined with prostate massage to promote the resolution of inflammation. You need to avoid sitting for long periods of time, drinking alcohol and spicy food.

3. Reproductive system damage

Excessive sexual activity, straddling injuries, etc. may cause capillaries in the seminal vesicles or prostate to rupture. This type of hematospermia is mostly bright red and usually disappears on its own within 1-2 weeks. During the recovery period, sexual life should be suspended and strenuous exercise should be avoided. If necessary, cold compresses can be applied to the perineum to reduce swelling. If bleeding continues, organic damage must be ruled out.

4. Seminal vesicle stones

The friction of stones in the seminal vesicles against the mucosa can cause intermittent hematospermia, which may be accompanied by a feeling of ejaculation obstruction. B-ultrasound examination can confirm the diagnosis. For smaller stones, drinking more water and taking sodium potassium hydrogen citrate granules can be used to promote the elimination. For larger stones, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy or laparoscopic stone removal should be considered.

5. Tumor factors

Prostate cancer, seminal vesicle tumors, etc. may cause refractory hematospermia, which is more common in middle-aged and elderly patients. There may be no pain in the early stage, but hematospermia recurs and gradually worsens. The diagnosis needs to be confirmed through tumor marker detection, MRI and other examinations, and radical surgery or radiotherapy can be selected according to the pathological type.

When hematospermia occurs, attention should be paid to recording the frequency of attacks and accompanying symptoms to avoid excessive panic but cannot be ignored. It is recommended to wear loose cotton underwear, clean the perineum every day, and eat more vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin C such as tomatoes and broccoli. Patients over 40 years old or with hematospermia lasting for more than 2 weeks should promptly go to the Department of Urology for special examinations such as seminal vesiculoscopy and ultrasound to rule out the risk of malignant lesions. In the acute stage, you can drink dandelion tea, boiled water from Imperata cogongrass root, etc. to assist in clearing away heat and stopping bleeding, but they cannot replace regular medical intervention.