What are the symptoms of uterine ectopy?

Symptoms of endometriosis mainly include dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, abnormal menstruation and infertility.

1. Dysmenorrhea

Dysmenorrhea is the most common symptom of endometriosis, manifested as lower abdominal pain during menstruation, which may gradually worsen. This pain usually starts 1-2 days before menstruation and lasts throughout the menstrual period. In severe cases, it may affect daily life and work. Dysmenorrhea may be related to ectopic endometrial tissue irritating surrounding tissues during menstrual bleeding.

2. Chronic pelvic pain

About 70% of patients will experience non-cyclical chronic pelvic pain, which is manifested as persistent dull pain or swelling in the lower abdomen, which may be aggravated between menstruation. The pain may radiate to the lumbosacral area or inner thigh, and symptoms may be aggravated after prolonged standing or exertion. This pain is related to the inflammatory response and adhesion formation caused by the ectopic endometrium.

3. Pain during sexual intercourse

Dyspareunia often occurs in patients with ectopic lesions in the uterine rectum or with fixed uterine retroversion, manifesting as deep pain during sexual intercourse. This pain usually occurs during or immediately after sexual intercourse and may last for several hours. The degree of dyspareunia is related to the location and size of the lesion and the degree of pelvic adhesions.

4. Abnormal menstruation

Some patients may experience symptoms such as increased menstrual flow, prolonged menstrual periods, or irregular menstrual cycles. These abnormalities may be related to impaired ovarian function, abnormal uterine contractions, or adenomyosis. The specific manifestations of menstrual abnormalities vary from person to person, and severe cases may lead to anemia.

5. Infertility

About 30-50% of patients with endometriosis are complicated by infertility, which may be related to various mechanisms such as changes in pelvic anatomy, abnormal ovarian function, and immune factors. Infertility may be the only clinical manifestation in some patients and is usually discovered during fertility testing.

Patients are advised to maintain a regular schedule, avoid overexertion, and pay attention to menstrual hygiene. In your diet, you can appropriately increase foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as deep-sea fish, and reduce your intake of high-fat foods. Moderate exercise can help improve pelvic blood circulation, but strenuous exercise should be avoided. If the above symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek medical examination as soon as possible. Depending on the condition, the doctor may prescribe drugs such as ibuprofen sustained-release capsules, dienogest tablets, goserelin sustained-release implants, etc., or recommend surgical treatment. Regular gynecological examinations are very important for early detection and treatment.