What are the symptoms of hydatidiform mole and how to prevent it by following these three points?

　　Nowadays, with the changes in people’s living and eating habits, people suffering from Grape The number of fetuses is gradually increasing. So what is a molar pregnancy? What are the symptoms of molar pregnancy? How to prevent molar pregnancy? Let’s find out together.

　　How is a hydatidiform mole formed?

　　1. Nutritional factors

　　Hydatidiform mole is more common in rice-eating countries, so it is thought to be related to nutrition. Studies have found that the folic acid activity in the serum of patients with gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT) is very low, and the lack of folic acid during the formation of embryonic blood vessels will affect thymine synthesis, leading to embryonic death and lack of blood vessels in the placental villi.； Low carotene consumption in the diet increases the risk of molar pregnancy ； Increased incidence of mole in vitamin A deficient areas ； The content of trace elements Zn and Se in mole tissue decreased.

　　2. Infectious factors

　　Many authors believe that hydatidiform mole is related to viral infection, but no real evidence has been found so far.

　　3. Endocrine disorders

　　It is believed that the occurrence of molar pregnancy is related to incomplete or declining ovarian function, so it is more common in women under 20 years old and over 40 years old. Animal experiments have proven that removing the ovaries early in pregnancy can lead to the production of placenta blister There are similar changes, so it is believed that insufficient estrogen may be the cause of molar pregnancy.

　　4. Pregnant egg defect

　　It may be related to abnormal development of the egg itself.

　　5. Racial factors

　　Ethnic differences in the incidence of hydatidiform mole have been noted. It has been reported that the incidence of molar pregnancy among black women in the United States is only half that of other women. In Singapore, the incidence rate of hydatidiform mole among Eurasian people is twice as high as that among Chinese, Indians, and Malaysians.

　　6. Overexpression of proto-oncogenes and mutation and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes

　　Proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are genes that control cell growth and differentiation. The activation and overexpression of proto-oncogenes and the mutation and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes are related to the occurrence of tumors.

　　What are the symptoms of molar pregnancy?

　　1. The vagina becomes red”

　　Due to degeneration of villi, they lose their ability to absorb nutrients, so fetus Long dead. Continuous or intermittent "redness" in the vagina occurs at 2-3 months of pregnancy, which is an early symptom of molar pregnancy. Most of them are intermittent small amounts of bleeding, and there may be repeated heavy bleeding. On closer inspection, early symptoms of mole may include blisters in the blood. If the amount of bleeding is large, it can also cause hemorrhagic shock.

　　2、Uterus Abnormal increase

　　The uterus of a mole is larger than a normal pregnancy uterus. As for the early symptoms of mole, sometimes pregnant women can even feel a mass in the lower abdomen (expanded uterus). Sometimes people often mistakenly think that they are pregnant with twins or polyhydramnios.

　　3、stomach ache

　　Because the uterus is enlarging so rapidly, abdominal pain may occur. In addition, the early symptoms of molar pregnancy are intrauterine bleeding, large pieces of fetal mass falling off from the uterine wall, and abdominal pain.

　　4. appear gestational hypertension

　　In the early stages of the disease, pregnant women may experience severe nausea and vomiting； In the later stages, early symptoms of molar pregnancy may include edema, proteinuria, and eclampsia (convulsions).

　　5. No fetus

　　Although the uterus is swollen to the size of 4-6 months of pregnancy, the early symptoms of molar pregnancy may not be able to detect the fetal body during the examination, the fetus cannot be heard, and no signs of pregnancy can be seen in B-ultrasound examination. Even the pregnant woman herself did not feel any fetal movement.

　　How to prevent molar pregnancy?

　　1. Regular inspection

　　How to prevent molar pregnancy? All patients with mole pregnancy should be advised to have regular follow-up. The purpose of regular review is to detect malignant transformation at an early stage, but sometimes there may be residual blister-like fetal mass.

　　2. Insist on contraception

　　After treatment, malignant hydatidiform mole generally has a good prognosis, but there is still the possibility of recurrence and development into choriocarcinoma in the future. Patients must take effective contraceptive measures for at least 2 years. It should be reviewed monthly for the first six months ； If irregular vaginal bleeding, hemoptysis, headache or other discomfort occurs, you should go to the hospital immediately Hospital examine.

　　3. Pay attention to your diet

　　For example, you should choose fresh, hygienic food, and the diet should be rich, with enough calories and protein, rich in vitamins, low in fat and sugar, and based on the principle of easy digestion and absorption.

　　4. Appropriate exercise

　　Avoid heavy physical labor and exercise appropriately. After the patient is discharged from the hospital, he or she can carry out some physical activities according to his or her physical condition, such as walking, jogging, Tai Chi, etc., and do some housework within his ability, so as not to feel tired, and ensure adequate sleep. (Reference website: People healthy net)