What are the symptoms of adnexitis?

Adnexitis mainly manifests as lower abdominal pain, increased vaginal discharge, fever and other symptoms, which may be related to pelvic inflammatory disease, sexually transmitted infections, postpartum infections and other factors. The main symptoms of adnexitis include lower abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal secretions, menstrual disorders, urinary discomfort, and systemic symptoms.

1. Lower abdominal pain

Lower abdominal pain is a common symptom of adnexitis, which is mostly persistent dull pain or pain that worsens after activity or sexual intercourse. The pain may be located on both sides or unilaterally of the lower abdomen, and in severe cases may radiate to the lumbosacral area or inner thigh. Some patients may experience anal swelling. The degree of pain is related to the extent of inflammation. Mild inflammation may cause only mild discomfort, while severe inflammation may cause severe pain.

2. Abnormal vaginal discharge

Increased vaginal discharge and changes in its properties are typical manifestations of adnexitis. The discharge may be yellow or yellow-green, thin or purulent in texture, and is often accompanied by an odor. Some patients may develop bloody discharge. Abnormal secretions are mostly caused by pathogenic infections, such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia, etc. Long-term irritation from discharge may cause itching or burning in the vulva.

3. Menstrual disorders

Adnexitis may cause changes in the menstrual cycle, manifesting as early, late or prolonged menstruation. The amount of menstrual blood may increase or decrease, and some patients experience worsening lower abdominal pain during menstruation. When inflammation affects ovarian function, abnormal ovulation or irregular vaginal bleeding may occur. Long-term chronic adnexitis may lead to persistence of menstrual irregularities.

4. Discomfort in urination

Adnexitis may irritate the bladder or urethra, causing symptoms of urinary discomfort such as frequent urination, urgency, and painful urination. When inflammation spreads to the urinary system, difficulty urinating or hematuria may occur. Some patients mistakenly think it is a urinary tract infection and self-medicate, delaying the treatment of adnexitis. Urinary symptoms are mostly related to pelvic congestion and inflammatory stimulation, and may be complicated by urinary system infection in severe cases.

5. Systemic symptoms

Acute adnexitis may cause systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, fatigue, and loss of appetite. The body temperature is usually above 38 degrees Celsius, and in severe cases, high fever may occur. Patients with chronic adnexitis may experience non-specific symptoms such as low fever, fatigue, and backache. The severity of systemic symptoms is related to the virulence of the infecting pathogen and the body's immunity.

Patients with adnexitis should pay attention to rest and avoid overexertion and strenuous exercise. Keep your vulva clean, change underwear frequently, and choose cotton breathable underwear. The diet should be light and consume more foods rich in vitamins and protein, such as fresh vegetables, fruits, fish, etc. Avoid spicy and cold foods. During the treatment period, sexual life should be prohibited, medication should be taken according to the doctor's instructions, and medication should not be stopped on your own. Check regularly to observe changes in condition. If symptoms such as high fever and severe abdominal pain occur, you should seek medical treatment promptly.