What are the common symptoms of ovarian cysts?

Symptoms of ovarian cysts include lower abdominal distension, menstrual disorders, difficulty urinating, sexual intercourse pain, and abdominal masses. Ovarian cysts may be related to endocrine disorders, inflammatory stimulation, genetics and other factors, and usually manifest as the above symptoms. It is recommended to seek medical examination promptly and follow the doctor's instructions for treatment after a clear diagnosis.

1. Lower abdominal distension

Ovarian cysts may cause a bloating sensation in the lower abdomen, especially if the cyst is large or torsioned. The discomfort may be constant or intermittent and may worsen with activity. If the cyst compresses the surrounding tissue, it may also be accompanied by soreness and swelling in the lumbosacral area. You can try hot compress for daily relief, but you need to seek medical treatment to rule out acute abdomen.

2. Menstrual disorders

Functional ovarian cysts often cause changes in the menstrual cycle, manifested as prolonged menstrual periods, increased menstrual flow, or non-menstrual bleeding. This is related to the cyst interfering with ovarian hormone secretion. Luteal cysts may cause delayed menstruation, while endometriotic cysts often worsen menstrual cramps. Abnormal bleeding should require gynecological ultrasound and hormone testing.

3. Difficulty urinating

An enlarging cyst may press on the bladder or ureter, causing frequent urination, urgency, or difficulty urinating. Symptoms of urinary system compression are more common when the diameter of the cyst exceeds 5 cm. In severe cases, hydronephrosis may occur, and pelvic CT must be used to evaluate the degree of compression. It is recommended to record urination status for the doctor's reference.

4. Pain during sexual intercourse

Patients with ovarian cysts may experience deep pain during intercourse, especially those with endometriomas or pelvic adhesions. The pain is usually located on one side of the lower abdomen and may radiate to the root of the thigh. It is recommended to avoid strenuous sex, use lubricants to reduce friction, and confirm the location and nature of the cyst through ultrasound.

5. Abdominal mass

Some patients can palpate a painless mass in the lower abdomen on their own, and the mass may move with changes in body position. Large cysts may cause abdominal distension and even affect breathing. During physical examination, the masses are mostly cystic, and B-ultrasound can identify solid cysts. It is forbidden to press the mass by yourself to avoid causing the cyst to rupture.

If symptoms of ovarian cysts are discovered, ultrasound should be reviewed regularly to monitor changes in the cysts. Avoid strenuous exercise to prevent the cyst from twisting or rupturing, maintain a balanced diet, and limit the intake of phytoestrogens such as soy products. Acute abdominal pain, vomiting, or fever require immediate medical attention and may indicate complications from the cyst. Medication treatments such as Guizhi Fuling Capsules, Sanjie Analgesic Capsules, etc. must be used strictly in accordance with the doctor's instructions, and laparoscopic surgery is required when necessary.