White blood cells are actually the traitors responsible for the malignant transformation of cancer

　　The main target of anti-cancer drugs is to target cancer cells, but the treatment of malignant tumors is not so successful, although immunotherapy has made relatively good progress by activating the immune system to indirectly kill cancer cells. Why past strategies to directly kill cancer cells have not been ideal may be because they ignored the role of the microenvironment surrounding cancer. Research on the tumor microenvironment is expected to develop some drugs and provide more strategies for tumor drug treatment. However, our understanding of the nature of the microenvironment surrounding cancer is still lacking.

　　Recently, "Nature" magazine published online a paper from the newly established Francis Crick Institute in the UK, which studied the contribution of neutrophils in cancer metastasis.

　　Studies in mice with breast cancer have found that neutrophils play a key role in breast cancer metastasis in the lungs. Neutrophils are the non-lymphocytes with the highest proportion of white blood cells and play a very important role in the non-specific cellular immune system of the blood. They are on the front line of the body's defense against microbial pathogens, especially the invasion of purulent bacteria. When inflammation occurs, they are attracted to the inflammatory site by chemotactic substances. Although the role of neutrophils in inflammatory responses is relatively familiar, there are conflicting views on the relationship between these cells and cancer metastasis. Studies using various methods to block local recruitment of neutrophils by metastatic tumors have found that neutrophils are the initiating factor in cancer metastasis. Leukotrienes released by neutrophils can selectively assist a certain type of cancer cells to maintain high tumor-forming ability. Genes or drugs that block the activity of leukocyte triene synthase arachidonic acid 5 lipoxygenase (Alox5) can block the malignant transformation of cancer. 5-lipoxygenase is an important dioxygenase in organisms. 5-lipoxygenase is the key enzyme that catalyzes the production of leukotrienes from arachidonic acid. Leukotrienes are important inflammatory mediators and play an important role in many diseases.

　　The research results suggest that as long as the local inflammatory response can be inhibited by selectively blocking 5-lipoxygenase, the purpose of preventing cancer metastasis can be achieved.

　　Regarding the research on the medical effects of hydrogen, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hydrogen are the basis of the hydrogen effect. Although there is currently no research evidence on the blocking effect of hydrogen on 5-lipoxygenase, many studies have found that hydrogen has an inhibitory effect on various acute and chronic inflammatory processes. Hydrogen may be a non-specific anti-inflammatory effector molecule. As a broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory substance, hydrogen may have an ideal effect on the promotion of breast cancer metastasis due to the release of leukotrienes by leukocytes.

　　From an academic point of view, we need to use in vivo and in vitro studies to prove the effect of hydrogen on the synthesis and release of leukotrienes by leukocytes, and use cancer animal models to prove that hydrogen can inhibit this cell activity, inhibit this special inflammatory response, and inhibit cancer metastasis.