What are the requirements for first aid and emergency health training content

Complying with official specifications, adapting to the trained population, focusing on practical operation, and taking into account the self-protection of rescuers, the essence is to allow ordinary people with non-professional backgrounds to dare to use it after learning it, and not to make mistakes when using it, rather than to pile up professional knowledge points.

I have been coordinating first aid training for enterprises and communities for five years, and I have encountered a long list of pitfalls. At first, I copied the Red Cross's standard general courseware and taught it to young employees of Internet companies to save trouble. Half of them started to take advantage of it after 20 minutes of listening, and some said privately, "I am not a doctor, so learning these is useless." Later, I gradually figured out how to implement each requirement.

Speaking of compliance, this is the bottom line of the content. All operations must be strictly aligned with the requirements of the "First Aid Training Outline" of the Red Cross Society of China and the "Action Plan for Improving Public Health Emergency Skills" of the National Health Commission. You must not blindly change the operating standards on your own. Two years ago, I met a Yeluzi institution. When I was teaching the Heimlich maneuver to the elderly in the community, I was afraid that the elderly would not remember the movements of abdominal thrusts, so they actually taught everyone to only use back pats to deal with choking. Later, an elderly man at home had a date core stuck. He patted it according to the method he taught for ten minutes, but it became stuck deeper and entered the ICU. When the family came to find him, the institution had already run away, which makes me scared just thinking about it.

In addition to not touching the red line of compliance, the adaptability of the content also directly determines whether the training is useful. You can't tell a kindergarten teacher how to deal with an electric shock at a construction site, and you don't have to tell a construction worker about first aid for a baby choking on milk, right? Previously, we conducted training for food delivery sites. We deliberately kept the conventional theoretical content to a minimum and added a lot of content that riders can use every day: such as how to quickly deal with heatstroke in summer, how to stop bleeding and bandage a scratch on the way to deliver food without wasting time, and what to do if a passerby suddenly gets sick. I first reported to the station and kept a certificate before rescuing. Then within two months, a rider told me that he met an old man who had a sudden myocardial infarction and fainted on the road. He used the cardiopulmonary resuscitation he learned to hold on until the ambulance came. He also used the registration process he learned before, and he was neither blackmailed nor deducted from the dispatch fee.

There has been a controversy in the industry in the past two years, that is, whether public training should include difficult professional operations and the use of equipment that is not very popular. For example, when it comes to the use of AEDs, one group of people feels that many elderly people in the community cannot even understand how to use smartphones, and cannot operate them even after being taught, and are prone to panic and make mistakes. The other group feels that AED coverage in business districts and subway stations is getting higher and higher. Even if the elderly cannot remember all the operating steps, knowing to find an AED, turn it on and follow the voice prompts can provide another way to save lives. Our current approach is to adjust according to different groups: the training for young people and community workers will explain the full operation of AED, and the training for the elderly will focus on how to find an AED and how to call the young people around to operate it. The concerns of both parties can be taken care of. There is also a debate over whether to teach complex operations such as suturing and deep vein hemostasis. Our current regular public training only teaches low-risk, high-error-tolerance operations such as compression to stop bleeding and wound dressing. Only special training for mountainous areas and emergency rescue teams will add complex content. After all, ordinary people are not professional medical care. If the teaching is too complicated, problems will easily arise.

Another point that is easily overlooked is that there must be enough "error-tolerance room" in the content. Don't use too academic terms and speak in a way that ordinary people can remember. For example, when it comes to chest compressions, instead of saying "the compression depth is 5-6 cm, the frequency is 100-120 times/min", replace it with "the depth is about the width of an ID card, and the frequency is about the same as singing "Little Apple"". Everyone will remember it immediately. At least two-thirds of the time should be reserved for practical exercises. Don't just talk to PPT. There was a guy who said he knew CPR during a purely theoretical training. But when he actually started to simulate it, his arms were all bent and he couldn't hold on for half a minute. So he learned in vain. Oh yes, the self-protection content of the rescuer must not be missing. Many people are passionate about saving people. When encountering an electric shock, they first grab the person's hand. When encountering a car accident on the road, they directly rush to save people, but instead get themselves involved. These risk avoidance contents must be discussed before all operations.

To be honest, my deepest feeling after doing training for so long is that the content of first aid and emergency health training is never as complete as possible or as in-depth as possible. Only when the trainees can really remember it, dare to get started when encountering problems, and operate without problems can it truly meet the requirements.