What are the dietary taboos that the elderly should adhere to?

　　The physiological characteristics of people in old age are weakening of organ functions, insufficient qi and blood, and decline of kidney qi function. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to diet. Food and dietary methods that protect the kidneys and nourish the spleen should be adopted to meet the needs of this stage. elderly You should adhere to the following dietary principles:

　　1. Avoid overeating. Because the elderly have reduced digestive function, low detoxification ability, and weakened blood vessel elasticity, many people have arteriosclerosis, especially those who cannot withstand the harm caused by overeating. Overeating will seriously destroy the dietary balance of the elderly, increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract, cause indigestion, and easily cause angina or myocardial infarction. Therefore, when eating, you should chew slowly and slowly, which will not only help the digestion and absorption of food, but also avoid causing choking and coughing.

　　2. Avoid overeating. Older people tend to become obese if they eat too much and consume more calories than their body needs. Elderly people who are too obese are more likely to get sick. Because food stays in the stomach for too long, it can cause discomfort and lead to indigestion. At the same time, it will also block the movement of the diaphragm, cause difficulty in breathing, increase the burden on the heart, and may cause symptoms such as angina pectoris. It will also increase the burden on the liver and pancreas, affecting healthy To live longer, the elderly must eat in moderation.

　　3. Avoid eating at will. As people get older, the functions of various tissues gradually decline, as does digestion and metabolism. Therefore, special nutritional supplements are needed and avoid eating at will. First of all, we must control the intake of carbohydrates. Eat less rice and noodles than the average adult. ； Secondly, fat is not good for the heart and liver, so you should eat less. Generally, the elderly consume 100g of lean pork and 20g of vegetable oil every day to meet the needs of the human body. In addition, you should supplement protein and vitamins and eat more foods such as soybeans, dairy, fish, eggs and lean meat. Eat more iron-rich rapeseed, tomatoes, peaches, apricots and green leafy vegetables rich in vitamins and fiber. And drink as much water as possible. Drinking too little water will increase blood viscosity, easily form thrombus, induce brain and cardiovascular diseases, and affect the excretion function of the kidneys. Therefore, the elderly drink at least three teacups of water every day.

　　4. Avoid cold food and cold drinks. In the hot summer, drink some cold drinks in moderation and eat some cold food. Heatstroke prevention It can cool down and improve appetite, but the gastrointestinal mucosa of the elderly has undergone degenerative changes, and the secretion of gastric acid and various digestive enzymes has gradually decreased, resulting in a decline in digestive function. If you often eat cold drinks and cold food, it can cause gastric mucosal vasoconstriction and reduce gastric juice secretion, leading to loss of appetite and indigestion. Low temperature can also cause coronary artery spasm, lead to myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, and can induce angina pectoris and arrhythmia. Therefore, it is advisable to drink light salt water or salty drinks in small amounts and many times in summer to prevent heat stroke. The elderly should eat less or no cold drinks or foods according to their own conditions.

　　5. Avoid partial eclipse. Due to poor appetite, the elderly often have partial eclipse and like to eat certain foods. This should be corrected. Because food has five flavors, partial eclipse is harmful to the body. Therefore, food should be light and avoid greasy and salty foods. The variety of diet should be diversified and reasonably matched to achieve a harmonious balance of five flavors to meet the body's needs for a variety of nutrients.

　　6. Avoid flavors that are too strong. The taste buds on the tongue of the elderly have atrophied and degraded. nerve He is also relatively sluggish and has a poor appetite. He likes to eat rich soups to stimulate his appetite. This pair suffers from chronic disease It is not suitable for the elderly. The food should be light and avoid salty and greasy food.

　　7. Avoid hard foods. Most of the elderly's teeth have been shaken or fallen off, making it difficult to chew. Therefore, food should be boiled and softened to facilitate digestion and absorption. Tough food should not be eaten.

　　8. Avoid stale food. The elderly have low resistance, weakened digestive gland secretion function, and weak gastrointestinal motility. If the food is stale, it may easily cause indigestion and intestinal infection.

　　9. Avoid eating food that is too hot. Since the front of the esophagus is close to the left atrium, swallowing hot food will immediately affect your health. heart rate , and sometimes can cause arrhythmia, so you should not eat food that is too hot.

　　10. Avoid drinking strong tea because tea contains a lot of coffee Alkaline, after drinking it makes people excited and makes it difficult to fall asleep. Tea contains a large amount of tannic acid, which can combine with protein in food to form lumps of tannic acid protein, which is difficult to digest and may even produce constipate . Long-term consumption of strong tea can also cause vitamin B1 deficiency and insufficient iron absorption. In addition, you should drink tea in moderation. If you drink too much tea before meals, it will dilute gastric acid and affect digestion. It is best to drink tea about 20 minutes after a meal, which helps digestion, relieves greasiness and cleans the stomach. Therefore, it is best for the elderly to drink light tea.