What types of sports are included in specialized sports skills?

According to the theoretical framework of event groups in the "Sports Training" textbook commonly used by domestic sports colleges, special sports skills are currently divided into six major categories, namely physical fitness-oriented category, skill-oriented fighting and confrontation event group, separated net confrontation event group, same-field competition event group, difficult-to-beautiful performance event group, and accurate performance event group. However, in the practical scenes of front-line training and campus sports promotion, many practitioners are accustomed to simplifying it into three more practical classification methods: "confrontation category, performance category, and practical category."

When I was training with the provincial team's short cross team before, the 100 meters, hurdles, and weightlifting were all physical-oriented categories. The technical movements of these events were relatively fixed, and the core focus was on basic physical abilities such as explosive power, endurance, and absolute strength. At that time, the team's coach spent at least half of his time in the weight room every day. Technical adjustments were all about details such as starting posture and stride length between hurdles, and there were few major technical iterations.

If we say that what everyone comes into contact with the most in daily life, it must be several confrontational projects dominated by skills. You must be familiar with basketball and football in the same field. A dozen people switch offense and defense in the same field. Not only do you have to have strong personal skills, but you also have to understand the habits of your teammates and be able to quickly read the opponent's tactics. Last week, I played wild ball with friends, and there was a retired center back opposite. A few of us young people rushed for the whole game without breaking through his defense. We relied on the anticipation awareness developed in the same field project. Net confrontation is easier to recognize. Badminton, table tennis, and volleyball all have nets in the middle. There is no need for direct physical confrontation. The core game is the game of placement and rhythm. I played an amateur badminton game a while ago and met an old man who played ball control. There was no violent killing of the ball, but every ball just landed in a position that I couldn't reach. I mastered the rhythm control of the net event. Fighting and confrontational boxing, Sanda, and wrestling are more direct, with physical contact from punch to flesh. In addition to technical skills, the psychological quality of daring to fight and rush also plays a large role.

There are also two categories that are more focused on "scoring and target shooting". The difficult-to-beauty categories are gymnastics, synchronized swimming, and diving. Look at Quan Hongchan's diving moves. She has perfected her splash technique. The judges' scoring depends on the accuracy, beauty, and difficulty of the movements. Accurate performance refers to shooting and archery, and the comparison is stability. I went to a shooting gallery to experience a 10-meter air pistol before, and my hand holding the gun shook so much that I almost flew out. Only then did I realize how hard it is for athletes to practice static stability.

However, there have always been different opinions on this set of academic classifications, especially front-line youth training coaches and campus physical education teachers. They generally feel that it is too cumbersome and not very practical. Many people prefer to simplify special sports skills into three categories: all those with confrontation attributes are classified into the confrontation category, scoring and accuracy are classified into the performance category, and a practical category is added. Those with survival and outdoor attributes such as swimming, mountain climbing, and rock climbing, as well as emerging leisure sports such as Frisbee and flag football, which are now popular, can all be classified into the practical category. After all, the boundaries of special sports are no longer limited to Olympic sports. Ultimately, classification is for the convenience of training and promotion, and there is no absolute right or wrong.

To be honest, no matter how you divide it, the core of specialized sports skills is "specialized technical movements + matching specialized physical fitness". In essence, it is just about allowing the body to maximize sports performance under specific rules.