normal range of endometrium

The normal thickness of the endometrium ranges from 5 to 15 mm, and the specific value varies with the menstrual cycle.

Endometrial thickness changes dynamically during the menstrual cycle. The endometrium is thinnest just after menstruation, usually 1-4 mm, which is called the early proliferative period. As follicles develop and estrogen levels rise, the endometrium enters the proliferative phase, and its thickness gradually increases to 5-7 mm. Before and after ovulation, the endometrium can reach 8-10 mm. At this time, the glands grow and blood vessels increase. During the luteal phase, under the action of progesterone, the endometrium further thickens to 10-15 mm, showing changes in the secretory phase to prepare for implantation of the fertilized egg. If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum atrophies, causing hormone levels to drop and the lining to shed, causing menstruation. Postmenopausal women's endometrium is usually less than 5 mm. If it exceeds this value, be wary of lesions. The most common measurement method is vaginal ultrasound, which needs to be avoided during menstrual bleeding. Abnormal thickening may indicate endometrial hyperplasia, polyps or malignant tumors, while excessive thinning may affect embryo implantation.

It is recommended that women of childbearing age record the timing of their menstrual cycles and conduct ultrasound examinations at corresponding stages. Avoid long-term use of estrogen-containing health products on a daily basis, and control your weight within the normal range. When non-menstrual bleeding, sudden changes in menstrual flow, or postmenopausal bleeding occur, you should promptly seek medical attention for hysteroscopy or diagnostic dilatation and curettage. Women over 40 years old are recommended to undergo gynecological ultrasound screening every year, and those with family history need to strengthen monitoring.