Symptoms of cervical precancerous lesions

Symptoms of precancerous lesions of cervical cancer mainly include abnormal vaginal bleeding, increased vaginal discharge, bleeding after sexual intercourse, lower abdominal pain, urinary system symptoms, etc. Cervical cancer precancerous lesions are usually related to human papillomavirus infection, long-term chronic cervicitis, low immune function, multiple pregnancies, smoking and other factors, and can be diagnosed through cervical cytology, HPV testing, colposcopy and other methods. It is recommended to conduct regular cervical cancer screening to detect and treat precancerous lesions in time.

1. Abnormal vaginal bleeding

Abnormal vaginal bleeding is a common symptom of cervical precancerous lesions, manifesting as non-menstrual bleeding or postmenopausal bleeding. The amount of bleeding is generally small, may be spotting or contact bleeding, and often occurs after sexual intercourse or gynecological examination. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia may cause cervical tissue to be fragile and cause bleeding with slight irritation. Patients need to seek medical treatment promptly for cervical cytology and HPV testing, and if necessary, undergo colposcopy biopsy to confirm the diagnosis. Cervical conization or laser treatment can be used for treatment, and regular follow-up is required to monitor changes in the condition.

2. Increased vaginal discharge

Increased vaginal discharge is manifested as a significant increase in the amount of leucorrhea, which may appear yellow or blood-streaked, and sometimes accompanied by a peculiar smell. Abnormal proliferation of cervical epithelial cells can lead to gland secretion dysfunction and may be complicated by infection. Patients should keep their vulva clean and avoid using harsh lotions. Doctors may recommend the use of Baofukang suppositories or recombinant human interferon α2b vaginal effervescent tablets for treatment. In severe cases, physical therapy or surgical intervention may need to be considered.

3. Bleeding after sexual intercourse

Bleeding after sexual intercourse is one of the typical manifestations of cervical precancerous lesions. It is caused by the fragile tissue of the lesion and the rupture of capillaries caused by mechanical friction during sexual intercourse. The bleeding is usually bright red, small in amount, and stops on its own. This situation suggests that there may be high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in the cervix, which needs to be confirmed by colposcopy and biopsy. Treatment options include cervical ring electroresection or cryotherapy. Sexual intercourse must be prohibited for a period of time after surgery to promote wound healing.

4. Lower abdominal pain

Lower abdominal pain is often manifested as dull pain or a feeling of swelling, which may radiate to the lumbosacral region. This symptom may occur when cervical lesions involve deep tissues or are combined with pelvic inflammatory disease. The degree of pain is related to the extent of the disease and may worsen after activity or exertion. Patients should avoid strenuous exercise and apply local hot compresses to relieve discomfort. The doctor may prescribe Chinese patent medicines such as Guizhi Fuling Capsules or Fuyankang Tablets for auxiliary treatment, and at the same time, intervention is required to target the primary lesion.

5. Urinary system symptoms

Urinary system symptoms include frequent urination, urgency, difficulty urinating, etc., which are more common when the disease invades the bladder or urethra in the late stage. Since the anatomy of the cervix is ​​adjacent to the bladder, compression or infiltration of diseased tissue can irritate the bladder mucosa. Patients should increase their daily water intake and avoid holding urine. In treatment, the primary lesions need to be controlled. If necessary, drugs such as Levofloxacin Hydrochloride Tablets or Sanjin Tablets should be used to prevent urinary tract infection. In severe cases, multidisciplinary consultation is required to formulate a treatment plan.

To prevent precancerous lesions of cervical cancer, we should establish a healthy lifestyle, maintain a single sexual partner and use condoms, quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption, and strengthen physical exercise to improve immunity. It is recommended that women over 25 years old or with a history of sexual intercourse undergo cervical cytology examination every 3 years, and women over 30 years old can be combined with HPV testing. HPV vaccination is an effective way to prevent cervical precancerous lesions. The optimal age for vaccination is 9-26 years old. If suspicious symptoms occur, you should seek medical treatment promptly to avoid delaying diagnosis and treatment. During the treatment period, you should follow the doctor's advice for regular check-ups, pay attention to personal hygiene, avoid bathing and swimming, and eat more foods rich in vitamins and high-quality protein.